High-pressure cleaning is an indispensable tool in industry, crafts, and facility management. Despite its efficiency, it poses significant risks: lacerations, burns, electric shocks, or hearing damage can result from improper handling. Therefore, adhering to defined safety guidelines for high-pressure cleaning is crucial to protect health, productivity, and equipment longevity.
Before beginning work, potential risks such as temperature, humidity, wind, airborne particles, or limited visibility must be carefully evaluated. Tripping hazards, slippery surfaces, or confined spaces increase accident risks and require special caution.
Not all surfaces tolerate high-pressure jets or chemical cleaning agents. Materials such as aluminum, wood, or delicate coatings can be damaged or chemically affected. Preliminary testing prevents damage and customer complaints.
A clearly marked work area prevents unauthorized access and protects third parties. Bright warning tapes, signs, and sufficient lighting ensure visibility. Remove loose objects to eliminate tripping and hazard sources.
Splashes, particles, or chemicals can cause serious injury to the eyes or face. Safety goggles or a face shield are therefore mandatory – especially when using chemicals or working overhead.
Water-repellent, durable clothing protects against spray and dirt. Specialized high-pressure suits or aprons provide additional protection in heavily soiled areas or when working with high pressure.
Before each use, inspect the device, cables, hoses, nozzles, and connections. Cracks, wear, or leaks can lead to dangerous situations. Also check the functionality of the emergency stop and safety valves.
A wide, stable stance is essential. Overreaching or working on unsafe surfaces (e.g., ladders) poses serious risks. When working at height, additional safety measures such as fall protection are mandatory.
Regular maintenance not only extends equipment life but also ensures safe operation. Check oil levels, seals, nozzles, and filters according to the manufacturer’s specifications.
A well-stocked first-aid kit must be easily accessible near the work area. Employees should be trained to handle minor injuries and know how to alert emergency services in serious cases.
Emergency numbers for fire, police, and medical services should be clearly visible. Fire extinguishers and fire blankets must be within reach and functional, especially when working with flammable substances.
Employers must ensure that workers are properly trained in the safe handling of high-pressure cleaners. Training must cover equipment functions, hazards, protective measures, and emergency procedures.
Before operation, the manual must be read and understood. It contains vital information about device functionality, maintenance, and safety procedures. For cleaning agents, always refer to the corresponding safety data sheets.
Compliance with national and European occupational safety laws – such as DGUV regulations, the Industrial Safety Ordinance, or the Hazardous Substances Ordinance – is mandatory. Noncompliance can lead to accidents and legal consequences.
High-pressure cleaning offers great efficiency – but only when carried out safely and in accordance with regulations. A structured risk assessment, comprehensive PPE, regular training, and clear emergency plans form the foundation of safe operations. This is the only way to reliably protect people, machinery, and materials.
1. What is the most important first step before high-pressure cleaning?
A thorough risk assessment. It analyzes potential hazards related to the environment, materials, equipment, and chemicals. Only after all risks are identified and preventive measures are defined can work safely begin.
2. Is standard work clothing sufficient for high-pressure cleaning?
No. Regular workwear does not provide adequate protection against water jets, chemicals, or heat. Specialized, abrasion- and water-resistant protective clothing is recommended, especially for professional use.
3. When is respiratory protection necessary?
Whenever chemical cleaning agents, aerosols, or vapors are present – for example, during facade cleaning or work in enclosed spaces. Certified respirators with appropriate filter classes provide reliable protection against irritation or poisoning.
4. What should be done in the event of an accident involving a high-pressure cleaner?
Immediately stop work, move the injured person out of the danger zone, and administer first aid. For open wounds or chemical injuries, call emergency medical services – even if the injury appears minor.
5. Which cleaning agents can be used?
Only those specifically approved for high-pressure cleaning. Other agents can release toxic vapors or damage the equipment. Always follow manufacturer instructions and safety data sheets.
6. How often should high-pressure cleaners be serviced?
Intervals vary depending on manufacturer, usage time, and environment. Generally, monthly visual checks and annual professional maintenance are required to ensure safety and performance.
| Hazard | Possible Consequences | Recommended Protective Measures |
| High-pressure water jet | Cuts, tissue damage | Protective clothing, safety distance, PPE |
| Electric shock from moisture | Cardiac arrest, burns | RCD (residual current device), IP-rated connectors, dry cable paths |
| Slippery surfaces | Falls, fractures | Non-slip shoes, dry and secure work area |
| Chemical cleaning agents | Irritation, burns, respiratory issues | Gloves, respirator, goggles, follow safety data sheets |
| Noise (>85 dB) | Hearing loss, tinnitus | Hearing protection, low-noise equipment, rest breaks |
| Heat from hot water | Burns to skin or eyes | Heat-resistant gloves, face shield |
| Poor visibility due to steam | Loss of control, misuse | Adequate lighting, ventilation or exhaust fan |
| Unauthorized access | Injury to bystanders | Barriers, warning signs, access control |